Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
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Introduction
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) is the 2030 core agenda in sustainable development which was agreed by world leader in 25 September 2015 at the United Nations Conference. SDG is continuity to development agenda after the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) end in 2015. MDGs consist of 8 Goals and 21 Targets. While SDG were expanded to 17 Goals and 169 Targets which continue the goals to achieve the 2030 agenda in stability in three dimensions of sustainable development namely social, economy and environment.
The SDGs are a set of 17 Goals and 169 Targets which include poverty, hunger and food security, health, quality education, gender equality, water and clean sanitation, economic growth and urban city, responsible production and consumption, climate change and biodiversity. All countries involved pledged their commitments to achieve these goals from 2016-2030. As many as 244 global indicators framework were proposed and agreed during the 48th United Nations Statistical Commission (UNSC) conference in March 2017. This framework was adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017 and contained in the Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313). The indicator framework will be refined annually and reviewed comprehensively by the Statistical Commission.
The Inter-agency and Expert Group on SDG Indicators (IAEG-SDGs) was created by United Nations Statistical Commission on March 2015. The group consists of Member States including regional and international agencies as observers and has been tasked to develop and implement the global indicator framework for the Goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda.
For more information please visit https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/iaeg-sdgs/.
For more information about Metadata SDG please visit https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/.
Malaysia's Involvement in SDGs
Malaysia's involvement in the development of the SDG at international level began in late 2014; with the involvement of Economic Planning Unit (EPU) in the negotiation process between United Nations country members (Inter-Governmental Meetings) held from January until July 2015 to finalize the Post 2015 Development Agenda (P2015DA). Discussions between United Nations country members were including the declarations of P2015DA, Sustainable Development Goals and Targets, Means of Implementation and follow-up & review.
DOSM's Roles and Contribution in SDGs
In July 2015, DOSM was officially appointed as the focal point to coordinate the SDG data collection during Main Users Committee Meeting No.1/2015. The main role of focal point is to coordinate the compilation of SDG indicators from various line ministries/agencies.
Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) has published the Initial Assessment of the SDG Indicators for Malaysia, 2018 which present preliminary assessment of the availability of data for 244 SDG indicators in Malaysia. The first report of SDG Indicators Malaysia, SDG Indicators, Malaysia, 2018 was published in 2019 which consists of 99 indicators. The second report ‘SDG Indicators, Malaysia, 2019’ was published in December 2020 which consists of 128 indicators. The third report of SDG Indicators, Malaysia, 2020 was published in December 2021 which consists of 146 indicators. The fourth and fifth report was published in December 2022 with 175 available indicators and December 2023 with 195 indicators respectively. The sixth report, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Indicators, Malaysia, 2023 was published in 5 December 2024 which encompasses 196 indicators including 82 indicators at state level and 26 indicators at district level which provides input for the assessment of SDG achievement in Malaysia for 2023. This improvement is fully supported by the cooperation and coordination from agencies and Ministries.
The SDG Indicators Report 2024 represents the third series of 21 publications, comprising five national level reports and 16 state level reports. The five (5) SDG Indicators Reports for Malaysia consist of Executive Summary and four (4) reports based on five (5) focus areas of SDG, namely People (Goal 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5), Prosperity (Goal 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11), Planet (Goal 6, 12, 13, 14 and 15), Peace (Goal 16) and Partnership (Goal 17). Relevant, reliable and timely SDG indicators are crucial to uphold the principle of leaving no one behind, ensuring that the data reflects not only national performance but also the lived realities of the people. Meanwhile, the indicators at the state and district levels that are published can be utilised by state governments and local authorities in monitoring and formulating the framework for the implementation of SDG at their respective state and district level.
The availability status of Malaysia’s SDG indicators has demonstrated significant progress over recent years. In 2018, 99 indicators were available, representing 41 per cent of the total. By 2024, this number had increased to 205 indicators or 82 per cent, reflecting substantial improvements in data coverage and monitoring capacity. At the state level, the availability of indicators rose to 84 per cent in 2024, compared to 82 per cent in the previous year, indicating steady progress in strengthening subnational monitoring. At the district level, 26 indicators were available in 2024, remained the same as in 2023, showing consistency in localised reporting.
This achievement in expanding the availability of SDG indicators underscores Malaysia’s strong commitment to realising the 2030 Agenda. It highlights the country’s efforts to enhance statistical capacity, improve data quality and ensure that progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals is measured comprehensively at both national and subnational levels.
DOSM uses various mechanisms
to improve the availability of SDG indicators namely Population and Housing
Census 2020, a new survey instrument - National Household Indicators Survey
(NHIS), Economic Census 2023 and Agriculture Census 2024 as well as the
cooperation and commitment of agencies towards providing additional indicators.
Thus, these efforts contribute to the increase in the number of available
indicators.
For the purpose of
disseminating and sharing data related to SDG, DOSM has launched the National
SDG Progress Monitoring System (SDG Dashboard) in March 2019.
All of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Indicators, Malaysia report can be downloaded via
·
estatistik
(https://newss.statistics.gov.my/newss-portalx/ep/epLogin.seam)
or
·
publication
(https://www.dosm.gov.my/portal-main/publication).
DOSM's contribution at international level
In September 2015, DOSM was appointed as a member of the High Level Groups on Sustainable Development Goals (HLG-SDGs) meeting representative of Malaysia and the Asia Pacific region for the period of 2016 until 2017. The HLG-SDGs consist of 22 countries and was established to set the strategic direction in the development of SDG.
DOSM has been appointed as a member of the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on SDG indicators (IAEG SDG) since July 2019 until July 2021 and contributed to the review of ‘2020 Comprehensive Review Proposal’ as well as regularly review methodological developments and issues related to the indicators and their metadata. DOSM’s membership as an IAEG-SDG member has been extended until June 2023.
DOSM also has volunteered as member for Working Group Member on Geospatial Information (WGGI) for IAEG-SDG and is involved in discussions related to the development of indicators using geospatial methods and member of sub working group for metadata to discuss matters related to SDG metadata.
Malaysia also is a member of Working Group Sustainable Development Goals Indicators (WGSDGI) at Asean level and has involved in the preparation of the Asean SDG Baseline Report 2020 publication which was launched in October 2020 and continue to contribute to the Asean SDG Indicator development works.
