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KILM 10: Long-term unemployment
Long-term unemployment is all unemployed persons with continous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer (52 weeks and over); it is expressed as a percentage of the overall labour force (long term unemployment rate) or of total unemployment (incidence of long-term unemployment).
KILM 11: Unemployment by educational attainment
This indicator focuses on unemployment categorized by level of education attainment.
Educational attainment: refers to the highest level in which a person has completed schooling or is currently attending, in a public or private educational institution that provides formal education. It is categorised as follows:
a) No formal education - Refers to persons who never attended school in any of the educational institutions that provide formal education.
b) Primary - Refers to those whose highest level of education attained is from standard 1 to 6 and its equivalent.
c) Secondary - Refers to those whose highest level of education attained is from form 1 (including remove class) to form 5, GCE 0 Level and its equivalent.
d) Tertiary - Refers to those whose highest level of education is above form 5.
KILM 12: Time-related underemployment
This indicator relates to the number of employed persons at work and who had worked less than 30 hours during the reference week because of the nature of their work or due to insufficient work and are able and willing to accept additional hours of work - underemployed.
Two time-related underemployment rates are presented: one gives the number of persons in time-related underemployment as a percentage of the labour force, and the other as a percentage of total employment.
KILM 13: Inactive rate
Individuals are considered to be outside the labour force, or inactive, if they are neither employed nor unemployed, that is, not actively seeking work. The inactivity rate is the proportion of the working-age population that is not in the labour force.
KILM 14: Education attainment and illiteracy
KILM 14 reflects the levels and distribution of the knowledge and skills base of the labour force. The indicator includes two measures pertaining to educational level of the labour force, and a third measure estimating illiteracy in the youth and adult population. The indicator covers the educational attainment of both women and men in the entire labour force, and also focuses on the proportion of young labour force (aged 25 to 29 years) having completed tertiary education.
KILM 1: Labour force participation rate
The economic activity of a population depends on the demographic characteristics of that population. The proportion of economically active persons, therefore, differs between sub-groups of that population. These variations are measured by specific activity rates termed labour force participation rates. Labour force participation rate is defined as the ratio of the labour force to the working age population (15-64) years expressed as percentage
KILM 2: Employment-to-population ratio
The employment-to-population ratio is defined as the proportion of a country's working-age population that is employed. A high ratio means that a large proportion of a country's population is employed, while a low ratio means that a large share of the population is not involved directly in market-related activities, because they are either unemployed or (more likely) out of the labour force altogether.
KILM 3: Status in employment
Status in employment refers to the position or status of an employed person within the establishment or organisation for which he worked. Employed persons are classified according to the following employment status:
i. Employer - A person who operates a business, a plantation or other trade and employs one or more workers to help him.
ii. Employee - A person who works for a public or private employer and receives regular remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips or payment in kind.
iii. Own account worker - A person who operates his own farm, business or trade without employing any paid workers in the conduct of his farm, trade or business.
iv. Unpaid family worker - A person who works without pay or wages on a farm, business or trade operated by another member of the family.
KILM 4: Employment by sector
The indicator for employment by sector devides employment into three broad groupings of economic activity: agriculture, industry and services.
Prior to 2010, industry is classified according to the "Malaysia Standard Industrial Classification (MSIC) 2000" based on the "International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 3".
Starting 2010, industry is classified according to the "Malaysia Standard Industrial Classification (MSIC) 2008" based on the "International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4".
Labour Force Survey does not classify the subsistence goods and services producing activities of household as persons who are economically active. Therefore, the classification of industry by MSIC 2008 for Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use only accounted for activities of households as employers.
KILM 6: Hours worked
Refers to total number of hours worked during the reference period.
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